Neurodivergence
Default-Mode Network Activity in ADHD
Sonuga-Barke, Castellanos · 2007 · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Proposed that ADHD attention lapses arise from failure to suppress default-mode network activity.
Research objective
Account for fluctuating attention in ADHD via dynamic interactions between task-positive and default-mode networks.
Methodology
Review and synthesis of fMRI evidence showing reduced DMN suppression during attention-demanding tasks in ADHD.
Key findings
- ADHD is associated with persistent DMN activity during external tasks.
- Performance variability correlates with DMN intrusions.
- Methylphenidate partially restores normal DMN suppression.
Strengths
- Mechanistic, testable account of attention lapses.
- Bridges psychiatric phenomenology and systems neuroscience.
Limitations
- DMN involvement is one of several contributing mechanisms.
- Effect sizes vary across studies.
Practical implications
- Shaped network-based biomarkers for ADHD research.
- Informs neurofeedback and cognitive training programs.
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